| Access Type | Description | Pros | Cons | |-------------|-------------|------|------| | | Surgical anastomosis of artery & vein (native) | Longest lasting, lowest infection risk | Takes months to mature | | AV Graft | Synthetic tube between artery & vein | Matures in weeks | Higher infection & clotting risk | | CVC (central venous catheter) | Tunneled line in jugular/subclavian | Immediate use | Highest infection risk; poor flow |