: Spanking children remains legal in all 50 states for parents and guardians, provided it does not cross the line into "excessive" force or illegal child abuse. However, it is prohibited in public schools in many states, though 23 states still allow it. International Status
The global perspective on the "real punishment of children" has shifted significantly over the last three decades. Adopt Positive Discipline – Replace spanking with clear
: While spanking may achieve "immediate compliance," it is consistently linked to undesirable long-term outcomes such as antisocial behavior, anxiety, and depression. Resources : Spanking children remains legal in all
Ditchburn, G. (2015). Corporal punishment in the home: A study of parents' attitudes and behaviors. Journal of Family Issues, 36(14), 3471-3493. and depression. Ditchburn